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Spanish National Liberation Front ((スペイン語:Frente Español de Liberación Nacional)), better known by its acronym FELN, was a Spanish Republican antifascist opposition group based in Belgium and France active between 1963 and 1970. Its founder was Julio Álvarez del Vayo. ==History== The FELN was founded in February 1964 after the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) abandoned the armed struggle under the leadership of Santiago Carrillo, which resulted in the waning of the activity of the Spanish Maquis.〔Stanley G. Payne, ''Politics and the Military in Modern Spain''. Stanford, California〕 The new group was led by Julio Álvarez del Vayo and other communists who were disappointed by the PCE's shift in policy and who wanted to keep the armed struggle going against Francoist rule.〔(Biografias y Vidas - Julio Álvarez del Vayo )〕 Its main points were two: *To keep the fight going on within Spain. *To carry out every necessary action in order to overthrow the Francoist Regime. FELN's line, beside being pro-Republican and anti-Francoist, was very Anti-American, being one of the first groups demanding the closure of US military bases in Spain.〔(FELN no. 38, 4 December 1967 )〕 Álvarez del Vayo's ambition of having a Republican movement continuing the armed struggle of the Maquis within Spain was thwarted, however, by the effectiveness and ruthlessness of the Spanish police network, which included the Armed Police ''(Policía Armada)'', the Civil Guard ''(Guardia Civil)'' and the Political Police Division ''(Brigada Político-Social)''. Therefore the Spanish National Liberation Front remained small and its activity largely marginal throughout its history. Álvarez del Vayo was often gently mocked or dismissed in certain exiled Spanish Republican and Communist circles for harboring an optimism that was not founded on the realities on the ground.〔(Álvarez del Vayo, el ultimo optimista )〕 In an interview given to Le Monde, Álvarez del Vayo claimed that the FELN had a wide base that included Socialist dissidents and that it was open to antifascist Spaniards from a wide political spectrum determined to fight against General Franco's dictatorship. He also claimed that he was not the president of the FELN.〔''Le Monde'', 27 March 1964〕 But some of Álvarez del Vayo's boastful declarations, such as his claim that the FELN was the "armed wing of the Spanish Third Republic Movement" ''(III República)'' —a then largely defunct Spanish republican organization formerly based in Algiers〔(ABC (20-VI-1963)- El titulado Comité Revolucionario de la III República española establecerá una Delegación en Argelia )〕—, were disputed by other Spanish exiles.〔''General Franco Made Me a FELN published first ''FELN'' (FELN : ''órgano del Frente Español de Liberación Nacional)'', followed by ''¡Frente!''; both publications were crudely printed.〔(UB - Recursos )〕 The success of the student demonstrations of May 1968 in France inspired a new vision in the FELN that brought about the creation of a new radical group together with the Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) and Vanguardia Socialista, an obscure group led by Alberto Fernández. This vision led to the foundation of the Revolutionary and Patriotic Antifascist Front (FRAP). A more high-profile group, FRAP would continue the anti-Francoist struggle into the 1970s and Álvarez del Vayo would become the leader of the Permanent Committee of the new radical organization.〔(FRAP - Del Vayo )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Spanish National Liberation Front」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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